Effect of Pesticide Use in Fruit Production Orchards on Shallow Ground Water

Abstract

As a part of landscape‐scale study, ground water samples were collected from 30 wells located in fruit production farms belonging to the valley of Neuquen river during the period 1995–1998 and analyzed for organophosphate pesticides. As a consequence of the leaching process, ground water from the Valley of Neuquen River frequently contained concentrations of organophosphorus pesticides that exceeded acute toxicity risk ratios established to protect aquatic life. It was found that some pesticides, as azinphos methyl, had a high detection frequency, 66% of the samples, with concentrations varying from no detection to 48.9 ppb. Dimethoate, metidathion and phosmet were also detected with frequencies of 14.1, 13.6 and 10.8% and with concentration ranks from no detection to a maximum value of 10.9, 2.0 and 15.5 ppb, respectively. Seasonal variations and temporal trends were found for these compounds in ground water.

Keywords:

• Organophosphate pesticides
• Groundwater
• Leaching potential
• Ecotoxicological significance
• Risk evaluation

Acknowledgments

We are grateful to the Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Autoridad Interjurisdiccional de Cuencas de lo Ríos Limay Neuquen y Negro and FONCYT, Argentina 01‐03729, for financial support.