Analysis of Microbiological Screen Test Data for Antimicrobial Residues in Food Animals

Abstract

This study analyzes the National Residue Program (NRP) of the Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), data for the for the years 1983–1998 to determine the effectiveness of all three microbiological screen tests that were developed and used by the FSIS to control antimicrobial residues in food animals. The Swab Test On Premises (STOP) Sulfonamide Test (CAST) and the Fast Antimicrobial Screen Test (FAST). The data for STOP indicates that during 1983–1998, the rate of food animal carcasses with violative levels of was the first screen test introduced in slaughterhouses, followed by the Calf Antibiotic and surveillance plan, the rate reduced from 55.1% to 0.56%. Similarly, the data for CAST indicates that the rate of calf carcasses with violative levels of antimicrobial residue also declined significantly during those years. Because of its higher sensitivity and shorter analytical time, the use of FAST started in 1995. By 1999, it had replaced the use of STOP and CAST in bovine species. The use of only one test such as FAST instead of different tests has removed confusion for testing different species of food animals and thereby has enhanced the efficiency of the NRP.

Keywords:

• Food animals
• Residues
• Sulfonamides
• Antibiotics
• Pilot study
• In‐vitro
• Screen tests
• STOP
• CAST
• FAST

Acknowledgments

Our sincere appreciation and thanks to Mr. Harry Marks, Regulation and Directive Development Staff, USDA, FSIS, Washington, D.C for statistical analysis, Dr. D.W. Webert, QA/QC Division, USDA, FSIS, Russell Research Center, Athens, GA for the computerized graphics and Ms. Lula Wallace for manuscript preparation.

Notes

^aUnited States Department of Agriculture. Food Safety and Inspection Service. Domestic Residue Data Book. National Residue Program, 1981–1983. Washington, D.C.

^bUnited States Department of Agriculture. Food Safety and Inspection Service. Domestic Residue Data Book. National Residue Program, 1983–1999. Washington, D.C.