Pinacol Coupling of Aromatic Aldehydes and Ketones Using TiCl₃‐Al‐EtOH Under Ultrasound Irradiation

Abstract

Titanium trichloride in EtOH can be reduced by Al to the corresponding low‐valent titanium complexes. This can reduce some aromatic aldehydes and ketones to the corresponding pinacols in 40–82% yields within 30–90 min at r.t. under ultrasound irradiation.

Keywords:

• Pinacol coupling
• Pinacol
• Synthesis
• Low‐valent titanium
• Ultrasound irradiation

Acknowledgments

We thank the Educational Ministry of China and Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (203107), China, for financial support.