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Original Articles

Impact of Fusarium Culmorum-Infected Barley Malt Grains on Brewing and Beer Quality

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Pages 186-194 | Published online: 05 Feb 2018
 

Abstract

Fusarium culmorum infected malt is capable of entering into the brewing supply chain and have a major impact on the processability and quality of beer if present at high initial loads. In this study, in vitro F. culmorum infected malt was used to produce lager beer. It was found that the wort containing infected malt had a lower pH, a higher FAN, higher β-glucan and a 45% increase in the purging rate than the control. It caused premature yeast flocculation, although final extract and attenuation degree were not affected. The beer produced with infected malt (IB) had a considerably different amino acid profile, compared to control beer (CB), while sugar and organic acid profiles were comparable. The flavor characterization of IB revealed a higher concentration of esters, fusel alcohols, fatty acids, ketones, and dimethylsufide. Acetaldehyde was particularly higher for the IB when compared to the CB (98 mg/L and 7 mg/L, respectively). Another notable difference of IB was the greater proportion of Strecker aldehydes and Maillard products contributing to an increased beer staling character. IB had a 67% darker color with a trend to higher foam stability. It was found that 78% of the accumulated mycotoxin deoxynivalenol in the malt was transferred into beer.

RESUMEN

Fusarium culmorum infección de malta tiene capaz de entrar en la cadena de suministro de cerveza y tiene un gran impacto en la capacidad de procesamiento y la calidad de la cerveza si está presente en altas cargas iniciales. En este estudio infecciones de malta con in vitro F. culmorum fue utilizada para producir cerveza lager. Se encontró que el mosto que contiene malta infectada tenía un pH más bajo, un nitrógeno amino libre superior, mayor β-glucano y un aumento del 45% en la tasa de purga que el control. Causó floculación prematura de levadura, aunque el extracto final y el grado de atenuación no se vieron afectados. La cerveza producida con la malta infectada (IB) tenía un perfil de aminoácidos considerablemente diferente, en comparación con la cerveza de control (CB), mientras que el azúcar y los perfiles de ácidos orgánicos son comparables. La caracterización del sabor de IB reveló una mayor concentración de ésteres, alcoholes, ácidos grasos de fusel, cetonas y sulfuro de dimetilo. El acetaldehído es particularmente alto para el IB cuando se compara con el CB (98 mg/L y 7 mg/L, respectivamente). Otra diferencia notable de IB era la mayor proporción de aldehídos Strecker y productos de Maillard que contribuyen a un carácter aumentado de envejecimiento en la cerveza. IB tenía un color más oscuro por el 67% con una tendencia a tener estabilidad de la espuma superior. Se encontró que el 78% de la micotoxina deoxinivalenol acumulado en la malta se ha transferido a la cerveza.

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