![Sample our Humanities journals, sign in here to start your FREE access for 14 days]({"type":"image" , "src" : "/sda/5939/TOC-Subject-Sample-2021-Humanities.jpg"})
Abstract
Two Portuguese naus from Vasco da Gama's second voyage to India, left behind to disrupt maritime trade between India and the Red Sea, were wrecked in May 1503 off the north‐eastern coast of Al Hallaniyah Island, Oman. The ships, Esmeralda and São Pedro, had been commanded by da Gama's maternal uncles, Vicente and Brás Sodré, respectively. A detailed study and scientific analysis of an artefact assemblage recovered during archaeological excavations conducted in Al Hallaniyah in 2013 and 2014 confirms the location of an early 16th‐century Portuguese wreck‐site, initially discovered in 1998. Esmeralda is proposed as the probable source of the remaining, un‐salved wreckage.
Abstract
في مايو 1503م تحطمت سفينتان من سفن الناوس البرتغالية من أسطول فاسكو دي جاما من رحلته الثانية للهند على الساحل الشمالي الشرقي لجزيرة الحلانيات في سلطنة عمان ،واللتان تركتا لتعطيل التجارة البحرية في المنطقة بين الهند والبحر الأحمر. السفينتان إزمارالدا و ساو بيدرو كانتا تحت قيادة كلاً من فيسنتي و براس صودري على التوالي أخوال فاسكو دي جاما. تأتي هذه الدراسة المفصلة والتحاليل العلمية للقطع الأثرية التي تم إكتشافها من خلال الحفريات الأثرية التي أجريت في جزيرة الحلانيات بين عامي 2013 و 2014 م لتؤكد أن الموقع يعتبر من أوائل مواقع حطام السفن البرتغالية للفترة من أوائل القرن السادس عشر، والذي قد تم إكتشافه بدايةً عام 1998م. تفضي الدراسة إلى أن بقايا الحطام المكتشفة قد تعود في المقام الأول إلى السفينة إزمارالدا.
Abstract
Duas naus portuguesas pertencentes à armada que Vasco da Gama liderou na sua segunda viagem à India ficaram no Índico para perturbar o comércio entre a India e o Mar Vermelho, naufragando em Maio de 1503 junto à costa nordeste da ilha Al Hallaniyah, no Omã. Aqueles navios, Esmeralda e São Pedro, eram liderados pelos tios maternos de Vasco da Gama, Vicente e Brás Sodré, respetivamente. O sítio foi descoberto em 1998 e escavado em 2013 e 2014. O estudo detalhado e análises científicas da coleção de artefactos recuperada durante a escavação arqueológica confirmam a localização do naufrágio de uma embarcação portuguesa do século XVI. Propõem‐se que os vestígios encontrados pertençam à carga não salvada da Esmeralda.
Dos naos Portuguesas, que permanecieron en la India tras el segundo viaje de Vasco de Gama para interrumpir el comercio marítimo entre ésta y el Mar Rojo, naufragaron en 1503 en la costa noreste de la Isla de Al Hallaniyah, Oman. Las naves, Esmeralda y São Pedro, habían sido comandadas por los tíos maternos de de Gama, Vicente y Brás Sodré respectivamente. El estudio detallado y el análisis científico de una colección de artefactos recuperados durante las excavaciones arqueológicas llevadas a cabo en Al Hallaniyah en 2013 y 2014, confirman la localización del pecio de una nave Portuguesa del siglo XVI temprano, inicialmente descubierto en 1998. Se propone que los restos no sometidos a salvamento pertenecieron a la Esmeralda.
(Traducción: Ricardo Borrero L, with thanks to the Honor Frost Foundation)
Acknowledgments
Funding for this project has been provided by Oman's Ministry of Heritage and Culture and by grants from National Geographic Society Expeditions Council and the Waitt Foundation made to David Mearns, and would not have been possible without the enthusiastic support of H. E. Salim Al‐Mahruqi and H. E. Hassan Al‐Lawati. Zofia Stos‐Gale, João P. Vieira, António M. Trigueiros, Fredrik Hiebert, Christopher Thornton, Alexzandra Hildred, Jay Warnett, Mark Williams, Ana P. Jesus, Luisa Ribeiro, Miguel M. Ramalho, José Piçarra, Tânia M. Casimiro, Andrew Carter and Geoff Nowell have all made valuable contributions to this study. We are grateful to our archaeologists and divers for the excellent work in the field: Ayyoub Al‐Busaidi, Ahmed Al‐Siyabi, Sultan Al‐Maqbali, Ali Al‐Tah, Mashal Al‐Shaaily, Ali Al‐Zahli, Alex Double, Thomas Cousins, Grant Bettinson, Daniel Pascoe, Jessica Berry, Kevin Stratford, Peter Holt, Mark Trowell, Ryan Murray, Heather Stewart, Katherine Dance and Kristin Romey.
Notes
1. During the period this paper was under review another extensive excavation of the site was conducted in late 2015 and more than 800 additional artefacts were recovered, the bulk of which were ceramic sherds. The total assemblage of artefacts, now numbering over 2800, will be subjected to future archaeological study and assessment. However, no artefact or information learned from the latest excavation changes or alters the conclusions of this interim report.