Discussion of the case of Ellen

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Notes

1 I have observed this particular process in several patients who were pregnant and had mothers who reversed the direction of projection to push feelings and expectations into the fetus‐baby.

2 The experience of mental pressure is a hallmark of one of the forms of prenatal experience (Bion, 1977; Paul, 1990).

3 I have written a book about clinical states of mind called Before We Were Young, much of which deals with the identification of prenatal states of mind (Paul, 1997).