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Abstract
Three indexes of agricultural productivity-land productivity, labor productivity, and aggregate productivity-have been employed to measure and map productivity patterns in India. There are large regional inequalities in the levels of productivity. Regression analysis reveals that the spatial variation of land productivity is positively related to fertilizer use, irrigation, and urban-industrial development and is negatively related to population density. Labor productivity is positively associated with agricultural wages and fertilizer use and negatively with the density of agricultural workers on net sown area. Aggregate productivity is positively associated with fertilizer and irrigation use and negatively with the densities of population and agricultural workers. The significant explanatory variables in the regressions explain 61 percent of land productivity, 57 percent of labor productivity, and 42 percent of aggregate productivity.
