![Sample our Geography journals, sign in here to start your FREE access for 14 days]({"type":"image" , "src" : "/sda/5937/TOC-Subject-Sample-2021-Geography.jpg"})
Abstract
A refinement is proposed to the conventional Hovmäoller diagram. The rationale is set out for the refined approach, a description provided of its design, and examples presented to illustrate its value as a diagnostic tool. It is shown that it can depict the dynamical characteristics of synoptic-scale disturbances as they evolve on a meandering tropopause-level waveguide, and in particular it can detect wave-breaking events, cut-off formation and vortex re-connection.
