Mutations of the Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor That Cause a Loss of Ligand-Induced Conformational Change, Subtle Changes in Kinase Activity, and Impaired Ability To Stimulate DNA Synthesis

Abstract

The wild-type and two mitogenic-defective mutants of the type beta receptor for platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) were expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. In the first mutant, ΔKi, 82 of 104 amino acids in the kinase insert region were deleted. This mutant was recently reported to be defective in mediating DNA synthesis. In the second mutant, Y825F, tyrosine 825 was converted to phenylalanine by a point mutation. We report here that this mutant is also defective in mediating PDGF-stimulated DNA synthesis. Both mutants were capable of eliciting many of the early responses to PDGF, including receptor autophosphorylation. However, neither mutant was capable of undergoing PDGF-stimulated change in receptor conformation or of phosphor-ylating exogenous substrate in an in vitro assay. These data suggest that changes in receptor conformation and efficient utilization of specific tyrosine kinase substrates are important for the stimulation of cell proliferation of PDGF and that phosphorylation of tyrosine 825 may be involved in signal transduction.