Developing Fragility Functions for Tsunami Damage Estimation Using Numerical Model and Post-Tsunami Data from Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Abstract

Fragility functions, as new measures for estimating structural damage and casualties due to tsunami attack, are developed by an integrated approach using numerical modeling of tsunami inundation and GIS analysis of post-tsunami survey data of the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake tsunami disaster, obtained from Banda Aceh, Indonesia. The fragility functions are expressed as the damage probabilities of structures or death ratio with regard to the hydrodynamic features of tsunami inundation flow, such as inundation depth, current velocity and hydrodynamic force. They lead to the new understandings of the relationship between local vulnerability and tsunami hazard in a quantitative manner.

Keywords:

• Fragility function
• vulnerability
• tsunami inundation
• The 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake
• Banda Aceh