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Abstract
The coupled-wave theory is generalized to analyze the diffraction of waves by chiral gratings for arbitrary angles of incidence and polarizations. Numerical results are illustrated for the Stokes parameters of diffracted Floquet modes versus the thickness of chiral gratings with various chiralities. Both horizontal and vertical incidences are considered for illustration. The diffracted waves from chiral gratings are in general elliptically polarized; and in some particular instances, it is possible for chiral gratings to convert a linearly polarized incident field into two nearly circularly polarized Floquet modes propagating in different directions.