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Studies in Psychology
Estudios de Psicología
Volume 30, 2009 - Issue 1
80
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Original Articles

La evolución de la apreciación estética

The evolution of aesthetic appreciation

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Pages 3-20 | Published online: 23 Jan 2014
 

Resumen

La concepción de los mecanismos cognitivos y neuronales que subyacen a la apreciación de la belleza como dedicados exclusivamente a esa capacidad, así como la suposición que son patrimonio sólo del ser humano, representan serios obstáculos para la comprensión de la evolución de la apreciación estética. En este trabajo revisamos conocimientos de diversos campos del saber para superar las limitaciones tradicionales y esbozar un modelo de evolución de la apreciación estética. Concebimos la apreciación estética como resultado de la interacción de procesos cognitivos y afectivos. Algunos de estos procesos, como el análisis visual temprano, el reconocimiento de objetos en un contexto afectivo y mnemónico, la representación de su valor reforzador, y algunas funciones ejecutivas, parecen haber sido heredados de antiguos antepasados, mientras que otros, incluyendo la integración de información multisensorial, el análisis espacial, y la monitorización del propio estado afectivo, parecen resultar de significativas transformaciones a lo largo del linaje humano.

Abstract

To conceive that cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying the appreciation of beauty are exclusive to that ability, as well as to assume that they are uniquely human, represents a serious obstacle for comprehending the evolution of aesthetic appreciation. In the present paper, knowledge from diverse fields of study is reviewed in order to overcome traditional limitations and outline a model of the evolution of aesthetic appreciation. Aesthetic appreciation is considered to result from the interaction of cognitive and affective processes. Some of these processes, such as early visual analysis, object recognition in an affective and mnemonic context, representation of its reinforcement value, and some executive functions, appear to have been inherited from our ancestors. Conversely, other processes, including multisensory information integration, spatial analyses, and monitoring one's own affective state, seem to have been subjected to significant transformations throughout the human lineage.

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