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Studies in Psychology
Estudios de Psicología
Volume 19, 1998 - Issue 61
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Original Articles

Expectativas de resultados, expectativas de capacidad percibida o autoeficacia: dos constructos percibidos como diferentes

Outcome expectancies, expectations of perceived ability or self-efficacy: Two constructs perceived as different

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Pages 15-24 | Published online: 23 Jan 2014
 

Resumen

La teoría de la autoeficacia propuesta por Bandura en 1977 distingue entre los conceptos de expectativas de autoeficacia y expectativas de resultados. El presente estudio surge de la exposición del estudio de Manning y Wright (1983), en el que hallan una correlación elevada entre ambas expectativas.

Partiendo de las sugerencias que ofrecen ambos autores para explicar la relación entre ambas expectativas, hemos llevado a cabo un estudio en el que sesenta sujetos expresaban sus juicios de capacidad para controlar el dolor de una extracción dental sin tomar medicamentos contra el dolor desde 25 horas antes hasta el momento de la extracción. Cada sujeto responde a una única cuestión formulada atendiendo a la noción de autoeficacia percibida o a la noción de expectativa de resultados. Los resultados, en contra de los aportados por Manning y Wright, muestran diferencias dependiendo de la formulación de las preguntas, haciéndose significativas a medida que nos acercamos más al momento de la extracción. Tales datos no apoyan las sugerencias propuestas por Manning y Wright, y sin embargo confirman los postulados de la Teoría Social Cognitiva y la Teoría d la Construcción Social d la Realidad.

Abstract

Bandura's (1977) self efficacy theory distinguishes among the concepts of self-efficacy expectancies and outcome expectations. The pre sent study stems from the exposition of the study of Manning and Wright (1983), in the one which find a correlation increased among both expectancies. Departing of the suggestions that offer both authors to explain the relationship among both expectations, we have carried out a study in the one which sixty subject expressed their capacity judgements to control the pain of a dental extraction without taking medicines against the pain from 25 hours before until the moment of the extraction. Each subject answers to a formulated issue attending to the notion of self-efficacy perceived or to the notion of outcome expectancies. The results, against the Manning and Wright s suggestion, show differences depending on the formulation on the questions, these were meaningful while us close to the moment on the extraction. Such data do not support the suggestions propose by Manning and Wright, however confirm the postulates of the Social Cognitive Theory and the Theory of the Social Construction of the Reality.

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