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International Journal of Social Psychology
Revista de Psicología Social
Volume 15, 2000 - Issue 3
255
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Original Articles

Desarrollo y validación de la escala de valores hacia el trabajo EVAT 30

Development and validation of the Work Values Scale EVAT 30

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Pages 281-296 | Published online: 23 Jan 2014
 

Resumen

Este artículo presenta el desarrollo y validación inicial de un instrumento para medir valores hacia el trabajo cuya estructura se fundamenta en la teoría universal del contenido de valores de Schwartz (1992). Los items que integran el cuestionario describen situaciones que reflejan valores hacia el trabajo. Cada una de las diez tipologías que señala la teoría está operacionalizadapor 3 items, a partir de éstos, se intentó identificar a aquellos que representaran en forma consistente los 4 valores de orden superior. Para validar la estructura se empleó una muestra de 246 trabajadores, 169 mexicanos y 77 españoles. En la primera fase y a través de escalamientos multidimensionales (MDS) se identificaron aquellos items con significación equivalente en ambas muestras. Posteriormente se analizó cuáles de éstos se ajustaban mejor a la estructura hipotetizada utilizando para ello la técnica del Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (CFA). La estructura dinámica de cuatro factores, operacionalizadapor medio de 4 items en cada factor, presentó índices de bondad de ajuste satisfactorios y una consistencia interna acceptable para cada una de las escalas.

Abstract

This paper presents the process of development and initial validation of an instrument for measuring work values. The construct structure is based on Schwartz's Universal Theory of Values. Three items were used to operationalize each of the 10 typologies proposed by the Theory. The 30 items describe day-to-day situations of the work context, where fictitious employees put into practice their work values. In order to validate the structure and to identify the most representative items for each high-order value, two samples from different cultures were used, one of Mexican employees (N=169) and the other of Spanish (N=77). In the first step, and using multidimensional scaling (MDS), those items with equivalent meaning in both cultures were identified. In a second phase, all those items considered as equivalent were subjected to Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA's), to recognize which of them were able to represent the hypothesized structure. A dynamic structure of four high-order values represented by 4 items for each value obtained the best goodness of fit. Good reliability was obtained for each scale.

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