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International Journal of Social Psychology
Revista de Psicología Social
Volume 15, 2000 - Issue 2
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Original Articles

Experiencia escolar y orientación hacia la autoridad institucional en la adolescencia

School experience and orientation toward institutional authority in adolescence

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Pages 199-217 | Published online: 23 Jan 2014
 

Resumen

Los objetivos de la investigación son (a) determiner si se puede encontrar un único factor general subyacente a las actitudes hacia la autoridad institucional en contextos escolares y extraescolares; (b) analizar los factores de la experiencia escolar del sujeto que contribuyen a conformar su orientación hacia la autoridad institucional; y (c) determinar cuál es la contribución que hacen a la orientación hacia la autoridad institucional las variables sociodemográficas, las actitudes políticas y la autoestima del sujeto. Para ello se empleó una muestra de 535 adolescentes valencianos de ambos sexos, entre 12 y 19 años, escolarizados en diversos niveles del sistema educativo formal, y se evaluaron diversas variables relativas a su experiencia escolar, sus actitudes políticas y su actitud hacia la autoridad institucional. Los resultados de los análisis de componentes principales y de un análisis de regresión múltiple indican que la experiencia de escolarización en el sistema educativo formal desempeña un papel crucial en la socialización del adolescente en el funcionamiento de los sistemas institucionales. Dichos resultados se comentan en relación a los objetivos del trabajo.

Abstract

The aims of the research are (a) to establish whether a single general factor underlying attitudes toward institutional authority in school and wider social contexts can be identified; (b) to examine what are the elements of adolescent school experience that shape his/her orientation toward institutional authority; and (c) to determine the nature of the influence of sociodemographic variables, political attitudes and self-esteem on adolescents orientation toward formal authority. The sample comprises 535 Valencian adolescent males and females with ages ranging from 12 to 19 years, who were given several questionnaires assessing different facets of their school experience, political attitudes and orientation toward institutional authority. Several Principal Components Analyses and a Multiple Regression Analysis on orientation to authority were performed. Results suggest that school experience in a formal educational system plays a key role in introducing adolescents into the dynamics of institutional systems and shaping their orientation toward them.

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