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International Journal of Social Psychology
Revista de Psicología Social
Volume 24, 2009 - Issue 2
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Original Articles

What makes terrorism tick? Its individual, group and organizational aspects

¿Qué hace funcionar al terrorismo? Aspectos individuales, grupales y organizacionales

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Pages 139-162 | Published online: 23 Jan 2014
 

Abstract

This paper explores psychological factors involved in terrorism and counterterrorism on individual, group and organizational levels of analysis. On the individual level, we describe attempts to understand terrorist behavior as a form of psychopathology, and/or as reflecting a unique constellation of personality traits. We also consider whether at the individual level there exists a uniform motivational basis for participating in terrorism. On the group level of analysis, we address the process of shared reality construction, social influence involved in recruitment of new members to terrorist organization, their indoctrination into terrorist ideology, and the use of language in creating terrorism warranting norms. On the organizational level we consider issues of training, logistics and cost effectiveness as they apply to the decisions to launch terrorist activities, or abstain from their deployment. We conclude by considering the implications for our analysis for possible ways and means for countering terrorism.

Resumen

Este artículo analiza los factores psicológicos implicados en el terrorismo y el contraterrorismo desde tres niveles de análisis: el individual, el grupal y el organizational. En el nivel individual describimos explicaciones de la conducta terrorista relacionadas con la psicopatología o como reflejo de determinados rasgos de personalidad. Consideramos también, desde el punto de vista individual, que existe una base motivational común hacia la participación en actividades terroristas. Desde el análisis grupal, abordamos el proceso de construcción de una realidad compartida, influencia social que afecta al reclutamiento de nuevos miembros dentro de la organización terrorista, a su adoctrinamiento en la ideología terrorista y al uso del lenguaje para la creación de normas de justificación del terrorismo. En el nivel de análisis organizational, analizamos aspectos relacionados con la formación, la logística y la eficiencia de costes y cómo afectan a la puesta en marcha o a la abstención de determinadas actividades terroristas. Concluimos analizando las implicaciones de este tipo de análisis para nuevas formas y medios contraterroristas.

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