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International Journal of Social Psychology
Revista de Psicología Social
Volume 25, 2010 - Issue 1
265
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Original Articles

Social Representations and Memory: The Psychosocial impact of the Spanish “Law of Memory”, related to the Spanish Civil War

Representaciones sociales y memoria: el impacto psicosocial de la la “Ley de la Memoria” española sobre la Guerra Civil Española

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Pages 73-86 | Published online: 23 Jan 2014
 

Abstract

Based on the interrelationship between Social Representations Theory (SRT) and Collective Memory Studies, this work analyzes the effects of the salience of the Spanish Law of Historical Memory on beliefs about the Spanish Civil War (SCW), functions and expectancies of remembering, and reparatory behaviours, guilt and shame—collective and personal—as well as their anchoring in ideological positioning. Results confirm the positive psychosocial role of making salient the Law of Memory: it reinforces the agreement with the preventive functions of collective memory, truth commissions, and positive emotional climate, collective guilt, shame and reparatory behaviours—mainly among those on the left. Also, collective guilt and shame play a mediating role between the salience of the Law and reparatory actions. Finally, knowledge about the SCW is not influenced by salience of the law, suggesting that some central aspects of social representations of a negative past are widely shared and consensual.

Resumen

Basado en la interrelation entre la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales y los Estudios de Memoria Colectiva, este trabajo analiza los efectos de la saliencia de la Ley de Memoria Histórica Española en las creencias sobre la Guerra Civil Española, las funciones y expectativas del recuerdo y los comportamientos reparatorios, culpa y vergüenza—colectiva y personal—, así como su anclaje en posicionamientos ideológicos. Los resultados confirman el rol psicosocial positivo de la saliencia de la Ley de Memoria: refuerza el acuerdo con las funciones preventivas de la memoria colectiva, comisiones de verdad, clima emocional positive, culpa colectiva, vergüenza y comportamientos reparatorios—especialmente entre los de izquierda—. Igualmente, la culpa colectiva y vergüenza juegan un rol mediador entre la saliencia de la ley y los comportamientos reparatorias. Finalmente, el conocimiento sobre la GCE no se encuentra influido por la saliencia de la ley, sugiriendo que los aspectos centrales de la representación social de un pasado negativo son ampliamente compartidos y consensuales.

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