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International Journal of Social Psychology
Revista de Psicología Social
Volume 25, 2010 - Issue 3
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Original Articles

Investigating value structure: Using theory-based starting configurations in Multidimensional Scaling (Research Note)

Investigación sobre la estructura de los valores: empleando una configuración inicial con fundamento teórico en el Escalamiento Multidimensional

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Pages 341-349 | Published online: 23 Jan 2014
 

Abstract

Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) has been a central tool of psychological research into value structure for more than two decades. MDS is usually applied in an exploratory way because strict confirmatory analyses are still difficult to realize, due to the manifold problems of how to impose regional constraints on MDS solutions. “Weak confirmatory approaches” (Borg & Staufenbiel, 2007) which use a theory-based starting configuration could be an acceptable compromise. In this paper, we outline how such a configuration can be derived from Schwartz's (1992, p. 14) original model, which is characterized by a strict circular structure. Such a “parsimonious” structure seems particularly suited for multi-method studies. We also apply this configuration to the Spanish value data from the first three rounds of the European Social Survey to illustrate the procedure. Finally, we show how to test whether and to what extent regional adjustments of single items affect the overall fit of the respective MDS solution.

Resumen

Durante las últimas dos décadas, el Escalamiento Multidimensional (EMD) ha sido un instrumento central en las investigaciones psicológicas sobre la estructura de los valores. Normalmente se emplea el EMD de modo exploratorio, porque el EMD confirmatorio en sentido estricto resulta aún muy difícil, debido a múltiples problemas, tales como imponer restricciones regionales en las soluciones EMD. Un planteamiento EMD confirmatorio débil (Borg & Staufenbiel, 2007), basado en una configuración inicial con fundamento teórico, puede ser una alternativa aceptable. En este artículo esbozamos cómo deducir tal configuración del modelo original de Schwartz (1992, p. 14), que destaca por una estructura estrictamente circular. Tal estructura “parsimoniosa” parece particularmente adecuada para los análisis “multi-método”. Para ilustrar este procedimiento, también empleamos esta configuración para analizar los datos españoles de los tres primeros sondeos del “European Social Survey”. Finalmente, mostramos cómo se puede investigar en qué medida el ajuste de ítems aislados afecta a la correspondencia total de la solución EMD.

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