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International Journal of Social Psychology
Revista de Psicología Social
Volume 13, 1998 - Issue 2
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Original Articles

Sexismo ambivalente: medición y correlatos

Ambivalent sexism: Measurement and correlates

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Pages 159-169 | Published online: 23 Jan 2014
 

Resumen

En los países occidentales las formas tradicionales de sexismo son cada vez más minoritarias, de manera que sólo un sector muy reducido de la población manifiesta una actitud basada en la supuesta inferioridad de las mujeres como grupo. Sin embargo, diversos índices sugieren que la igualdad entre hombres y mujeres dista mucho de ser una realidad. Esta situación contradictoria ha llevado a formular la existencia de formas más sutiles o encubiertas de sexismo. Según Glick y Fiske (1996), el sexismo ambivalente conjuga las formas tradicionales con formas “benévolas”, que si bien tienen un componente afectivo y conductual positivo siguen considerando a la mujer de forma estereotipada y limitada a ciertos roles.

En esta investigación se presentan datos de 1110 varones, de diferentes edades, niveles educativos, estado civil, etc. que contestaron la versión española del Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI), así como otras medidas de sexismo tradicional y de amenaza a los intereses de los varones. Los resultados muestran que la versión española del ASI cumple satisfactoriamente los requisitos de fiabilidad y validez. Los resultados se discuten a la luz de las relaciones intergrupales entre hombres y mujeres, así como de las formulaciones sobre las nuevas formas de prejuicio.

Abstract

In western countries there have been important changes in the public expression of sexist beliefs. Thus, openly admitting that one believes women are inferior to men is not something one can safely tell in the 1990s. However, several indices show that sex discrimination is far from being out of style. This contradictory situation led some authors to portulate the existence of subtle or covert forms of sexism. According to Glick and Fiske (1996), Ambivalent Sexism combines traditional sexism (hostile) with benevolent sexism, defined as a set of interrelated attitudes toward women that are sexist in terms of viewing women stereotypically and in restricted roles but are subjectively positive in feeling tone.

In this research participated 1110 men, different in age, educational level, marital and labor status, etc., who answered the Spanish version of ASI (Ambivalent Sexism Inventory) as well as other measures of traditional sexim and men's interest. Results show that Spanish version of ASI has satisfactory convergent, discriminant and predictive validity. Results are discussed with reference to gender intergroup relations and to theories of new forms of prejudice.

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