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International Journal of Social Psychology
Revista de Psicología Social
Volume 14, 1999 - Issue 2-3
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Original Articles

Niveles de análisis en el estudio de liderazgo carismático

Levels of analysis in the study of charismatic leadership

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Pages 181-197 | Published online: 23 Jan 2014
 

Resumen

En este artículo revisamos brevemente el concepto de niveles de análisis y nos centramos en su aplicación al estudio de Liderazgo Carismático ya que este enfoque apenas si se ha tenido en cuenta y es prácticamente nulo su empleo en España.

Desde nuestro punto de vista consideramos que Carisma es un fenómeno que se incardina en el grupo, ya que existen diferencias significativas entre grupos de trabajo cuyo líder es carismático y aquellos otros cuyo líder no lo es. Esto nos hace pensar que debe explicarse en el nivel grupal.

Una técnica que sirve para comprobar el nivel de análisis adecuado es el denominado «análisis intra-entre»» (A.I.E. o W.A.B.A. Within-and Between entities analysis) que explicamos brevemente en este artículo. Para realizar nuestro estudio hemos administrado el M.L.Q. (Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire) junto con otras escalas en 39 unidades de producción (N total=199). Los resultados favorecen nuestra hipótesis en la dirección entregrupos en la relación entre Carisma y algunas variables. Por el contrario, otras relaciones se explican en el nivel intragrupo. Al final, ofrecemos una discusión de porqué se producen estos resultados y sus implicaciones.

Abstract

We briefly review the concept of analysis levels and we focus our attention on its application to the study of charismatic leadership since this perspective has rarely been taken into account and its use in Spain is practically nil.

As there are significant differences among work groups whose leader is considered charismatic and work groups whose leader is not, we think Charisma is a group phenomenon. Therefore, the proper level of analysis should be group-level.

To check it we use the W.A.B.A. method (Within-and Between entities analysis). In order to perform our study we have had Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire and other performance scales completed in 39 production units (total N=199). Results indicate that the relationship among Charisma and some variables can be explained by group-level results. But other relationships are based on individual differences, individual-level results. Implications of the findings for future and causes of these results are discussed.

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