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International Journal of Social Psychology
Revista de Psicología Social
Volume 14, 1999 - Issue 2-3
148
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Original Articles

Características y explicaciones de los hábitos de salud de los jóvenes

Characteristics and explanations of the health habits of young people

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Pages 271-296 | Published online: 23 Jan 2014
 

Resumen

Se realizó un estudio correlacional sobre los hábitos de salud (HS) con 721 estudiantes de preparatoria. De entre los resultados obtenidos sobresalen la contradicción entre las actitudes, las intenciones y las conductas reales, tanto en lo referente al ejercicio como a la dieta en ambos sexos. Asimismo se encontró que existen practicas de ejercicio y alimentación claramente diferenciadas entre los géneros, los hombres tienden a hacer ejercicio y las mujeres prefieren cuidar su alimentación. También sobresale el índice de adolescentes que ingieren alcohol y tabaco.

Para indagar acerca de las representaciones de los hábitos de salud de los jóvenes, se llevo a cabo un segundo estudio (N= 336) en el que se les preguntó como explicaban ellos estos hábitos. Se encontraron dos representaciones claramente diferenciadas respecto al porque los hombres tienden a hacer ejercicio y porque las mujeres tienden al cuidado alimenticio. El objetivo final de este trabajo es proponer algunas ideas, basadas en estos resultados, para desarrollar programas educativos de fomento de actitudes y conductas positivas hacia la salud en los jóvenes.

Abstract

A correlational study of health habits was conducted in 721 high school students. Results show that both boys and girls report clear contradictions among their attitudes, intentions and actual excercise and diet behavior. Also, two kind of practices clearly differentiated between genders were found, men tend to do excercise and women prefer to take care of their feeding habits. The high rate of teen-agers that consume alcohol and tobacco also stands out.

A second study was done in order to investigate the representations of the young people's health habits. Subjects were asked about how they explained their own health habits. Two clear differentiated representations explaining why men tend to do excercise and women tend to take care of their feeding habits were found. The ultimate objective of this study is to propose some ideas, based on these results, in order to develop educational programs that promote positive attitudes and behavior towards health in young people.

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