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Culture and Education
Cultura y Educación
Volume 20, 2008 - Issue 2
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Original Articles

La comprensión de la noción de tiempo histórico en estudiantes mexicanos de primaria y bachillerato

Understanding the notion of historical time in Primary and High School Mexican students

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Pages 143-160 | Received 01 Oct 2007, Accepted 01 Mar 2008, Published online: 23 Jan 2014
 

Resumen

Tomando en consideración que la noción de tiempo histórico se estructura alrededor de tres aspectos nodales, el manejo de la cronología, la sucesión causal y el orden temporal, se condujeron dos estudios cuyo propósito fue analizar la comprensión de los estudiantes de la noción de tiempo histórico en función de su vinculación con el currículo escolar y la enseñanza recibida. En el primer estudio se trabajó con 30 niños y niñas que cursaban 3°, 4° y 6° grado en una Primaria pública. En el segundo estudio participaron 60 estudiantes de primer y tercer semestre de Bachillerato. En ambos casos se construyeron instrumentos que exploran los tres aspectos antes referidos de manera cualitativa y situada en los contenidos curriculares. Los resultados principales indican una apropiación progresiva del conocimiento conforme se avanza de grado escolar, pero al mismo tiempo caracterizada por el aprendizaje del tiempo histórico como un contenido temático y lineal, que tiende a identificarse con las efemérides cívicas.

Abstract

Two studies were conducted based on the notion that historical time is structured around three main aspects: handling of chronology, causal succession, and temporary order. In both studies, the aim was to analyse students' understanding of the notion of historical time based on its relation with the school curriculum and the instruction received. In the first study, subjects were 30 children from grades 3, 4, and 6 at a state primary school. In the second study, subjects were 60 students in their first and third semester attending a state high school. In both studies, qualitative evaluation instruments were designed to analyse handling of chronology, causal succession, and temporary order in the curricular contents of the History of Mexico and Universal History. The main results indicate that as students advance along school levels there is a progressive appropriation of historical knowledge, but at the same time this is characterised by their learning the notion of historical time as thematic and linear content that tends to be related to civic commemorations.

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