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Culture and Education
Cultura y Educación
Volume 24, 2012 - Issue 3
72
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Original Articles

El deporte a principios del siglo XX su (re)presentación en películas de distintas épocas

Sport in the early XXth century: Its (re)presentation in movies from different periods

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Pages 305-318 | Received 25 Feb 2011, Accepted 22 Apr 2011, Published online: 23 Jan 2014
 

Resumen

El deporte y el cine han sido las más potentes industrias de la cultura y del entretenimiento de masas del siglo XX. El argumento de un buen número de películas gira en torno al deporte. Este cine deportivo ha sido rara vez utilizado como fuente primaria por la historia social del deporte. En esta tesitura, exponemos aquí un heterodoxo trabajo de investigación consistente en utilizar películas deportivas realizadas entre 1930 y 1950 (que hemos denominado ‘de época’) como fuentes de una información que es contrastada con la extraída de otras de finales de siglo (que hemos llamado ‘históricas’). Los hechos narrados en todas ellas tuvieron lugar durante las primeras décadas del siglo XX. El objetivo del estudio tiene tres dimensiones: analizar el discurso con el que se representa el deporte en las películas ‘de época’; contrastar dicho discurso con el de las películas ‘históricas’; y valorar su potencial educativo en la formación universitaria relacionada con las Ciencias de la Educación Física y el Deporte. Metodológicamente, hemos realizado un análisis de contenido de un conjunto de películas superior a las incluidas en la muestra y, en este sentido, los procesos de análisis y muestreo han ido paralelos. Entre las conclusiones, cabe mencionar: la similitud entre la representación del deporte en las películas de distintas épocas; la densidad de la explicación contenida en dichas representaciones; la conveniencia de considerar y ver varias películas como conjunto; y, en fin, su potencial formativo trabajando tanto con películas completas como con fragmentos de ellas.

Abstract

Sport and movies have been the most powerful culture and mass entertainment industries of the XXth century. The plot of many films revolves around sport. These sport movies have rarely been used as primary source for the social history of sport. In this context, we present here an unorthodox research work consisting on the use of sport films produced between 1930–1950 (that we have called ‘period films’) as sources of information to be contrasted with that obtained from films made at the end of the century (that we have called ‘historical films’). The storyline in all of them focuses on sport events taking place in the early decades of the twentieth century. The aim of the study is threefold: first, to analyse the discourse with which sport is represented in period films; second, to contrast such discourse with that of historical films; and third, to consider their educational potential in university studies related to Physical Education and Sport Sciences. Methodologically, we carried out a content analysis of a higher number of films than those included in the sample and, in this sense, analysis and sampling processes are very much related. We conclude that: there is a great similarity between the representation of sport in films from different periods; the explanations contained in such representations are dense; the convenience of considering and watching several films as if they were a whole; and, finally, their valuable educational potential both using full movies or fragments of them.

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