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Culture and Education
Cultura y Educación
Volume 24, 2012 - Issue 4
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Original Articles

Prácticas docentes, condiciones de enseñanza y posibilidades de aprendizaje inicial de la lengua escrita

Teaching practices, teaching conditions and possibilities for early literacy learning

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Pages 435-447 | Received 06 Jul 2010, Accepted 09 Dec 2011, Published online: 23 Jan 2014
 

Resumen

El objetivo de este trabajo es explorar la relación entre las prácticas utilizadas por los docentes para enseñar a leer y a escribir en el inicio de la escolaridad y las oportunidades de aprendizaje. Se realiza un análisis cualitativo de una serie de tareas llevadas a cabo en aulas donde desarrollan tres tipos de prácticas diferentes —instruccionales, multidimensionales y situacionales—. Los resultados muestran que estas prácticas difieren en cuanto al tipo de tareas llevadas a cabo; en cuanto a las dinámicas desarrolladas para llevarlas a cabo; en cuanto a los contenidos de lectura y escritura trabajados y en cuanto a los materiales utilizados. Muestran, asimismo, que determinados rasgos que distintos autores relacionan con un mayor nivel de eficacia docente y con la potenciación de oportunidades de aprendizaje se observaron con más frecuencia en dos de las aulas.

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to explore the relationship between the practices used by teachers to teach to read and write at the beginning of schooling, and the learning opportunities. A qualitative analysis of a number of tasks carried out by teachers using three types of different practices —instructional, multidimensional and situational—is performed. The results show that these practices differ as to: the type of task carried out; the classroom dynamics developed to do so; literacy contents worked in class; and the materials used. They also show that in two of the three classrooms studied certain characteristics of teacher practices that various authors have associated with a higher level of teaching effectiveness as well as with enhancing learning opportunities were more frequently observed.

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