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Culture and Education
Cultura y Educación
Volume 25, 2013 - Issue 3
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Original Articles

Diferencias entre estudiantes con alta y baja competencia lectora: un estudio con metodología de pensar en voz alta

Differences between students with high and low reading literacy skills: A study with think aloud methodology

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Pages 295-308 | Received 22 Jan 2011, Accepted 13 Feb 2013, Published online: 23 Jan 2014
 

Resumen

El estudio analiza las diferencias entre estudiantes con alta y baja capacidad de comprensión cuando realizan una tarea típica de competencia lectora tal como responder preguntas de un texto pudiendo usar el texto para responder. Estudiantes de 1°-2° de ESO leyeron un texto y pensaron en voz alta mientras respondían 8 preguntas, pudiendo releer el texto para responder. A fin de entender sus decisiones de relectura, se pidió a los estudiantes que hicieran un Juicio de Aprendizaje (JOL) sobre su seguridad de dar una buena respuesta si no pudieran consultar el texto antes de contestar cada pregunta. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes con alta comprensión se diferencian de los de baja comprensión en la precisión y elaboración de la información cuando releen el texto, lo que les lleva a usar mejor la información necesaria para responder y a tener mejores criterios para decidir releer el texto para responder. En el artículo se discuten las implicaciones educativas de estos resultados para enseñar estrategias de competencia lectora a los estudiantes.

Abstract

The study analyses the differences between good and poor comprehenders when performing a typical reading literacy task, such as answering questions from an available text. Junior high school students read a text and thought aloud when answering eight questions while they were allowed to refer back to the text to give an answer. In order to understand the students' decisions to refer back to the text, we asked the students to make a Judgement of Learning (JOL) on how certain they were about giving the right answer if they were not allowed to reread the text before answering each question. Results showed that good comprehenders differ from poor comprehenders on how accurate they were and on how many elaborations they made when they referred back to the text, which made them use the information needed to respond better, as well as to have better criteria to make decisions to reread the text to respond. We discuss some practical implications of these results to teach reading literacy strategies to the students.

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