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Culture and Education
Cultura y Educación
Volume 25, 2013 - Issue 4
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Original Articles

La cultura del esfuerzo en las clases de educación física

The effort culture in the physical education class

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Pages 523-534 | Received 02 Dec 2011, Accepted 02 Nov 2012, Published online: 23 Jan 2014
 

Resumen

Uno de los grandes retos de la pedagogía actual es construir una cultura del esfuerzo. Sin embargo, detrás de esta propuesta se encierran diferentes concepciones del esfuerzo y de su papel en el proceso formativo. La finalidad de este estudio es abordar esta cuestión, en el contexto de la educación física, desde la Teoría de la Auto-determinación (Deci y Ryan, 1985). Más concretamente, nos hemos propuesto examinar el patrón secuencial de motivación descrito por Vallerand (1997), Vallerand y Losier (1999) y Ntoumanis (2001), en base al esfuerzo percibido en las clases educación física de Educación Primaria. La muestra estuvo formada por estudiantes del último ciclo de Educación Primaria (N = 261), con edades comprendidas entre los 10 y los 12 años. El modelo de ecuaciones estructurales mostró que los factores sociales predijeron significativamente la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas que, a su vez, predijeron los niveles de motivación intrínseca que, sucesivamente, informaron de los niveles de esfuerzo en las clases de educación física. De todo ello se extraen interesantes consecuencias didácticas para la educación física.

Abstract

One of the big challenges in current pedagogy is the construction of an effort culture. Nevertheless, behind this proposal, there are different conceptions of effort and the role that effort plays in the formative process. The purpose of this study is to tackle this issue in the physical education context using the Self-Determination Theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985) standpoint. More specifically, we set as a goal to examine the sequential movement pattern described by Vallerand (1997), Vallerand & Losier (1999) and Ntoumanis (2001), in regards to the effort perceived by students in the Primary Physical Education classrooms. The sample was composed of last cycle Primary Education students (N = 261), with ages ranging from 10 to 12 years. The structural equation model showed that the social factors predicted in a significant way the satisfaction of basic psychological needs, which, at the same time, predicted the levels of intrinsic motivation, which in turn, successively informed about the effort levels in the Physical Education class. Based on these results we draw interesting didactical conclusions for the Physical Education class.

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