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Culture and Education
Cultura y Educación
Volume 11, 1999 - Issue 4
134
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Original Articles

La influencia de la cultura en la cognición: sobre la diversidad de los modos de pensamiento verbal

The influence of culture in cognition: About the diversity of modes of verbal thinking

Pages 39-62 | Published online: 27 Feb 2014
 

Resumen

La hipótesis de la heterogeneidad histórica del pensamiento verbal desarrollada por Tulviste se concreta en el establecimiento de una relación funcional entre tipos de pensamiento y escenarios de actividad. Tulviste entiende que los distintos modos de pensamiento difieren, cualitativamente, en los instrumentos que emplean, en los métodos de usar la palabra y en la manera que éstos son adquiridos, pero no en la superioridad o eficacia de cada uno de ellos, ya que son iguales funcionalmente. Un nuevo tipo de pensamiento no reemplaza a los ya existentes, sino que corresponde funcionalmente a otro tipo de actividad. Esta relación justifica tanto la heterogeneidad cultural como la individual. Las personas que participan en diferentes actividades emplean distintos maneras de resolver los problemas. Además, como un mismo individuo participa en distintas actividades debe contar con maneras de pensar diferentes, aplicables a sus diversos contextos de interacción. También está relación explica tanto los universales culturales, como aquellas características en las que somos distintos en función del marco cultural de referencia.

Abstract

This work is based on the hypothesis developed by Tulviste of heterogeneous nature of verbal thinking for whom the different ways of thinking are linked with different activity settings. Tulviste understands that these distinct ways of thinking differ qualitatively in the tools that they involve, they even differ in the way they are acquired, but they are equal functionally. As he defends the heterogeneity of verbal thinking is depending on context of activity. New ways of verbal thinking do not replace the already existing ones, but instead they correspond functionally with another type of activity. This idea justifies not only the fact that individuals who participate in different activities may have different ways of resolving the problems they are faced with. In addition to this, in the same individual, we may find these different ways of thinking, depending on the type of activity they are carrying out. Therefore, a subject who is able to perform different activities will apply different forms of thinking depending on the nature of the activity.

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