Human Factors in Cartographic Communication

Abstract

Cartographic communication involves the makers and the users of maps. Cartographers are constantly striving to produce better maps, through more carefully composed 'messages' and more easily decipherable symbolism. Many maps already fulfil most of the requirements of functional efficiency, making them "good' in a communication sense, but a breakdown in communication often occurs. Map users misuse, misunderstand and mistake the reliability of maps, and are therefore frequently responsible for this breakdown. Techniques of 'consumer research' and human factors' analysis currently being employed to provide for improved maps, are examined and evidence isfound which supports this indictment. Finally possible remedies, particularly in the field of education, are indicated.