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An aborted attempt at settling New France in the 16th century: Cartier and Roberval's Charlesbourg Royal

From myth to reality: archaeobotany at the Cartier-Roberval Upper Fort site

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Pages 87-105 | Published online: 19 Jul 2013
 

Abstract

The first official attempt at settlement in the St Lawrence Valley is recounted in a number of historical documents. These accounts were aimed at justifying the colonization project of Jacques Cartier and Sieur de Roberval in Canada; they provide little information on many aspects of the colonists' daily life. The recent discovery of the site where these two explorers settled in 1541–43 and the archaeological excavations carried out there provide an excellent opportunity to re-examine their colonization project. It is from that perspective that this paper presents some of the results of an archaeobotanical analysis conducted at the site.

The first official attempt at settlement in the St Lawrence Valley is recounted in a number of historical documents. These accounts were aimed at justifying the colonization project of Jacques Cartier and Sieur de Roberval in Canada; they provide little information on many aspects of the colonists' daily life. The recent discovery of the site where these two explorers settled in 1541–43 and the archaeological excavations carried out there provide an excellent opportunity to re-examine their colonization project. It is from that perspective that this paper presents some of the results of an archaeobotanical analysis conducted at the site.

La première tentative d'implantation dans la vallée du Saint-Laurent est rapportée dans plusieurs sources historiques. Le but de ces comptes étaient de justifier le projet de colonisation de Jacques Cartier et le Sieur de Roberval au Canada; ils fournissent quelques informations sur les nombreux aspects de la vie quotidienne des colons. La récente découverte du site où ces deux explorateurs s'implantèrent en 1541–43 et les fouilles archéologiques qui y ont été menées fournissent une excellente opportunité pour réexaminer le projet de colonisation. Cet article présente les résultats de l'analyse archéobotanique menée sur le site.

Die ersten offiziellen Versuche, eine Siedlung im St Lawrence-Tal zu gründen, findet man in einer Reihe von historischen Dokumenten. Die Berichte zielen auf eine Rechtfertigung des Kolonisationsvorhabens von Jacques Cartier and Sieur de Roberval in Canada hin, geben jedoch wenig Einzelheiten über verschiedene Aspekte des täglichen Lebens der Siedler. Die jüngsten Funde der Ausgrabung, wo die beiden Forscher 1541–43 siedelten, zusammen mit den archäologischen Grabungen, die dort durchgeführt wurden, bieten eine ausgezeichnete Gelegenheit, dieses Kolonisationsvorhaben neu zu untersuchen. Unter diesem Gesichtspunkt bringt der Bericht einige Ergebnisse der archäobotanischen Analyse dieser Grabung.

Il primo tentativo ufficiale di insediamento nella valle del San Lorenzo è narrato in vari documenti storici. Questi racconti avevano l'intento di giustificare i progetti di colonizzazione di Jacques Cartier e Sieur de Roberval in Canada, ma forniscono poche informazioni su una varietà di aspetti della vita quotidiana dei colonizzatori. La recente scoperta del sito dove questi due esploratori si stabilirono fra il 1541 e il 1543, e gli scavi archeologici condotti nel medesimo forniscono un'eccellente opportunità per ri-esaminare i loro progetti di colonizzazione. Quest'articolo presenta in quest'ottica alcuni dei risultati di un'analisi archeobotanica condotta in questo sito.

El primer intento oficial para crear un asentamiento en el Valle St Lawrence ha quedado plasmado en la documentación histórica. Estos relatos intentan justificar el proyecto de colonización de Jacques Cartier y Sieur de Roberval en Canadá, pero carecen de detalle alguno sobre muchos aspectos de la vida cotidiana de los colonizadores. El hallazgo reciente del lugar donde se asentaron estos dos exploradores en 1541–43 y las excavaciones arqueológicas allí desarrolladas han proporcionado una oportunidad única para re-examinar su proyecto de colonización. Dentro de este panorama, el presente artículo presenta algunos de los resultados de un análisis arqueobotánico de dicho yacimiento.

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