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Abstract
An analysis of DNA sequences in the ITS region of nrDNA and the atpB-rbcL intergenic spacer has placed Brachythecium appleyardiae McAdam & A.J.E.Sm. within a strongly supported clade in the genus Scleropodium. This position is consistent with the morphology and growth-form of B. appleyardiae. Specimens of the latter are similar to S. cespitans (Wilson ex Müll. Hal.) L.F. Koch but appear to differ in their narrower leaf-shape and the tendency to occur on dry rock ledges. However, measurements of a range of specimens from Britain and Ireland show that there is no clear discontinuity between the two taxa. Consequently, B. appleyardiae is reduced to synonymy with S. cespitans.