Interrelations between orthostatic postural deviations and subjects’ age, sex, malocclusion, and specific signs and symptoms of functional pathologies of the temporomandibular system: a preliminary correlation and regression study

Abstract

Aims:

Studies on the relationships between postural deviations and the temporomandibular system (TS) functional health are controversial and inconclusive. This study stems from the hypothesis that such inconclusiveness is due to authors considering functional pathologies of the TS (FPTS) as a whole, without taking into account subjects’ specific FPTS signs and symptoms.

Methodology:

Based on the author and collaborators’ previous studies, the present study analyzed data on body posture from a sample of 50 subjects with (30) and without (20) FPTS. Correlation analyses were applied, taking as independent variables age, sex, Helkimo anamnestic, occlusal, and dysfunction indices, as well as FPTS specific signs and symptoms. Postural assessments of the head, cervical spine, shoulders, lumbar spine, and hips were the dependent variables. Linear regression equations were built that proved to partially predict the presence and magnitude of body posture deviations by drawing on subjects’ characteristics and specific FPTS symptoms.

Results:

Determination coefficients for these equations ranged from 0·082 to 0·199 in the univariate, and from 0·121 to 0·502 in the multivariate regression analyses.

Conclusions:

Results show that factors intrinsic to the subjects or the TS may potentially interfere in results of studies that analyze relationships between FPTS and body posture. Furthermore, a trend to specificity was found, e.g. the degree of cervical lordosis was found to correlate to age and FPTS degree of severity, suggesting that some TS pathological features, or malocclusion, age or sex, may be more strongly correlated than others with specific posture patterns.

Keywords:

• Temporomandibular dysfunctions
• Body posture
• Cervical spine
• Correlation analysis
• Regression analysis

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Dr Amélia Pasqual Marques, Dr José Tadeu Tesseroli de Siqueira, Dr Wagner de Oliveira and also the team of the Orofacial Pain and TMJ Clinic at the Hospital das Clínicas of the University of São Paulo (USP) School of Medicine.