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Abstract
The current status and the challenges of physical therapy education in Japan are outlined, including the historical background. Physical therapy education in Japan has developed rapidly in both quality and quantity since its commencement in 1963. The present number of physical therapy educational institutions is 186, with 10,000 freshmen and 50,000 qualified physical therapists. The ageing of the population has combined with the diminishing number of children as the background to the rapid development of physical therapy in Japan. A significant future challenge for physical therapists in Japan is to focus on improvement in the quality of the education to respond to the needs of society.