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Abstract
A growing awareness of dental aesthetics and patient demands for tooth coloured restorations have led to an increasing number of choices for resin based dental restoratives. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxicity of seven different resin based restorative materials widely used in clinical dentistry. The materials tested included two glass ionomer cements (Ionofil U and Ketac Molar Easymix), one compomer (Dyract), three resin composites (Valux Plus, Alert and Filtek P-60) and one ormocer (Admira). Specimens were fabricated in sterile, cylindrical Teflon moulds (4·4 mm diameter ×2 mm height) under aseptic conditions. For each material, 21 discs were fabricated and randomly divided into three groups. Samples were immersed in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium and incubated for 24 h, 48 h or 10 days at 37°C with 5%CO2 and 95% air. Fresh Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium was used as a control. Cytotoxicity was measured using the 3-(4·5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2·5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. At the end of 24 h, all materials except for Alert and Filtek exhibited significant cytotoxic effects on mouse fibroblast cells. At 48 h, only the glass ionomer cements (Ionofil and Ketac Molar) showed significantly higher cytotoxicity than the control group. At the end of 10 days, none of the materials tested showed any significant difference in cytotoxicity from the control group. In conclusion, this study found five of seven resin based restorative materials tested to have significant cytotoxic effects at 24 h and two glass ionomer cements to have significant cytotoxic effects at 48 h.