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Abstract
The present paper introduces the effect of W content, pH, current density, pulse ratio and stress reducers on the internal stress of Ni–W alloy films in the system of citrate amine HEDP. Morphologies of Ni–W alloy films were also investigated. The results showed that the internal stress was closely related to W content of alloy films. pH had an important effect on the internal stress of amorphous Ni–W alloy films and there were some cracks in the electrodeposits surface when pH value was in the range 5·5–6·0. Internal stress varied obviously with different current densities, however there were no obvious cracks in amorphous Ni–W alloy films. Internal stress was affected slightly by pulse ratio and stress reducers, and morphologies of amorphous Ni–W alloy films had little change with different pulse ratios and stress reducers.