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Articles

Excavation at Bantham, South Devon, and Post-Roman Trade in South-West England

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Pages 82-138 | Published online: 18 Jul 2013
 

Abstract

Excavation at Bantham Ham in 2001 examined a sequence of post-Roman occupation with radiocarbon dates centred on the late 5th and 6th centuries. Despite the limited area of exposure, a major and unusually well-preserved assemblage of Mediterranean amphorae was recovered; among sites in the British Isles, the quantity of ceramics is second only to that from Tintagel. This assemblage is of great significance in the study of links between western Britain and the Mediterranean in the post-Roman period, raising questions about the date, duration and character of trading patterns, and about their late-Roman antecedents. Associated finds of vessel glass and evidence of ironworking are discussed; the glass is interpreted as reflecting elite drinking rituals. Study of well-preserved bone, shell, charcoal and charred plant macrofossils allows consideration of aspects of the economy and environment of the site.

Excavation at Bantham Ham in 2001 examined a sequence of post-Roman occupation with radiocarbon dates centred on the late 5th and 6th centuries. Despite the limited area of exposure, a major and unusually well-preserved assemblage of Mediterranean amphorae was recovered; among sites in the British Isles, the quantity of ceramics is second only to that from Tintagel. This assemblage is of great significance in the study of links between western Britain and the Mediterranean in the post-Roman period, raising questions about the date, duration and character of trading patterns, and about their late-Roman antecedents. Associated finds of vessel glass and evidence of ironworking are discussed; the glass is interpreted as reflecting elite drinking rituals. Study of well-preserved bone, shell, charcoal and charred plant macrofossils allows consideration of aspects of the economy and environment of the site.

Fouilles à Bantham, dans le sud du Devon, et commerce post-romain dans le sud-ouest de l'Angleterre

Les fouilles réalisées à Bantham Ham en 2001 ont analysé une séquence d'occupation postromaine à la fin du 5e et au 6e siècle par la datation au radiocarbone. En dépit d'une zone limitée, une collection majeure d'amphores méditerranéennes remarquablement bien préservées a été découverte ; au Royaume-Uni, c'est la quantité de céramiques mises à jour la plus importante après Tintagel. Cette collection revêt une grande importance dans l'étude des liens entre l'ouest du Royaume-Uni et la Méditerranée pendant la période post-romaine. Elle soulève des questions quant à la date, à la durée et au caractère des échanges, et à leurs antécédents pendant la fin de la période romaine. Des trouvailles associées de fragments de récipients en verre et des preuves de l'utilisation du fer sont également analysées; le verre est interprété dans le cadre de rituels de consommation de boisson parmi l'élite. L'analyse d'os, de coquillages, de charbon et de macrofossiles de plantes carbonisées bien préservés permet de prendre en considération certains aspects de l'économie et de l'environnement du site.

Ausgrabung in Bantham, South Devon, und poströmischer Handel in Südwestengland

Eine Ausgrabung in Bantham Ham im Jahr 2001 untersuchte eine Abfolge poströmischer Nutzungen, deren Radiokarbondatierungen sich auf das späte 5. und 6. nachchristliche Jahrhundert konzentrieren. Obwohl nur ein begrenztes Areal freigelegt wurde, konnte doch eine erhebliche und ungewöhnlich gut erhaltene Ansammlung von mediterranen Amphoren gefunden werden; unter den britischen Ausgrabungsstätten wurden nur in Tintagel größere Mengen von Keramik gefunden. Diese Ansammlung ist von großer Bedeutung für die Untersuchung der Verbindungen zwischen dem westlichen Britannien und dem Mittelmeerraum in der poströmischen Zeit und wirft Fragen zu den Daten, der Dauer und der Art der Handelsmuster sowie zu ihren spätrömischen Vorläufern auf. Es werden außerdem Begleitfunde von Gefäßglas und Spuren von Eisenverarbeitung diskutiert; das Glas wird so interpretiert, dass es die Trinkrituale einer Elite spiegelt. Untersuchungen von gut erhaltenen Knochen, Muscheln, Holzkohle und verkohlten pflanzlichen Makrofossilen erlauben Rückschlüsse auf verschiedene Aspekte der Ökonomie und der Umgebung der Fundstätte.

Gli scavi di Bantham, nel Devon meridionale, e i commerci nel sudovest dell'Inghilterra in epoca postromana

Negli scavi eseguiti a Bantham Ham nel 2001 si esaminò una sequenza dell'occupazione postromana eseguendo la datazione con il metodo del radiocarbonio concentrata sulla fine del V secolo e sul VI secolo. Nonostante l'area esposta fosse di limitate proporzioni, venne alla luce una cospicua raccolta di anfore mediterranee insolitamente ben conservate: per quantità di vasellame rinvenuto in siti delle isole britanniche, questo è secondo solo a quello di Tintagel. Questa raccolta ha una grande importanza per lo studio dei legami tra la Britannia occidentale e il Mediterraneo in epoca postromana, e fa sorgere quesiti sulla cronologia, la durata e la natura dei sistemi commerciali e sui loro antecedenti in epoca tardoromana. Si discutono i ritrovamenti associati di frammenti di recipienti in vetro e le testimonianze della lavorazione del ferro: l'interpretazione data ai frammenti di recipienti in vetro è quella di indicare rituali del bere da parte di gruppi di élite. Lo studio di ossa, conchiglie, carbone di legna e macrofossili vegetali carbonizzati, tutti ben conservati, permette di considerare gli aspetti dell'economia e dell'ambiente del sito.

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