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Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly
The Canadian Journal of Metallurgy and Materials Science
Volume 54, 2015 - Issue 4
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Chemical and Extractive Metallurgy – Hydrometallurgy

Materials balance of pilot-scale circulation leaching of low-grade zinc oxide ore to produce cathode zinc

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Pages 439-445 | Received 28 Nov 2014, Accepted 26 Mar 2015, Published online: 04 Mar 2016
 

Abstract

The pilot-scale production of cathode zinc from low-grade zinc oxide ore through periodic extraction in NH3–NH4Cl–H2O system was studied. Leachant balance in circulation process was controlled by parameters of recycling rate (γ) and relative concentration error (De) between CMeLn and CMeL∞ according to the equation . The concentration of zinc in leach liquor was enriched in 39·085 g/L after five recirculation leaching cycles, which was consistent with the predicted value theoretically when recycling rate was supposed to 0·467.Cathode product containing more than 99·9% of Zn and current efficiency of 97·02% were obtained after purification of two-stage treatment. The liquid loss was confirmed to exist in electrowinning operation and the problem of solution balance was solved through partial diverging cycle and addition of washing water in residue washing unit. Mineralogical analysis results showed that about 90% of ammonia-soluble Zn (ZnCO3 + ZnSO4) dissolved out from zinc ore.

On a étudié la production à l'échelle pilote de zinc pour cathode à partir de minerai d'oxyde de zinc à faible teneur, par extraction périodique dans le système NH3-NH4Cl-H2O. On a contrôlé la balance d'agent de lessivage dans le procédé de circulation au moyen des paramètres de vitesse de recyclage (γ) et de l'erreur relative de concentration (De) entre CMeLn et CMeL∞ d'après l'équation . La concentration du zinc dans la liqueur de lessivage était enrichie à 39·085 g/L après cinq cycles de re-circulation de lessivage, ce qui était consistant avec la valeur prédite théoriquement quand la vitesse de recyclage était de 0·467. On a obtenu le produit pour cathode contenant plus de 99·9% de Zn et un rendement du courant de 97·02% après purification avec un traitement à deux étapes. On a confirmé qu'il y avait perte de liquide dans l'opération d'électro-obtention et l'on a résolu le problème de balance de la solution au moyen d'un cycle partiel de divergence et d'addition d'eau de lavage dans l'unité de lavage du résidu. Les résultats d'analyse minéralogique ont montré qu'environ 90% du Zn (ZnCO3 + ZnSO4) soluble dans l'ammoniac était extrait du minerai de zinc par dissolution.

Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Nos.2007CB613604, 2014CB643404) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51274094).

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