A Study to Compare the Effects of Simulated Torquing Forces on Pre-adjusted Orthodontic Brackets

Abstract

The transmission of torquing forces between three types of pre-adjusted bracket was investigated. 0·022-inch Roth prescription ‘A’-Company® (stain less steel), Silkon® (reinforced polycarbonate), and Allure III® (polycrystalline ceramic) brackets were used. A selection of stainless steel archwires were chosen, 0·018 × 0·025, 0·019 × 0·025, and 0·021 × 0·025 inch. The brackets were torqued with respect to the archwire and force v. angular deflection was recorded on an Instron machine. The dimension of angular change was in part dependent on the ability of the bracket to elastically or plastically deform.

There were no significant differences between bracket types with the 0·018 × 0·025-inch archwire. ‘A’-Company® brackets demonstrated a significantly lower resistance to loading compared to Silkon® brackets in the 0·019 × 0·025-inch group. The greatest amount of distortion was seen in Silkon® brackets with an 0·021 × 0·025-inch archwire. Allure III® brackets demonstrated the greatest resistance to loading in all groups. As no apparent distortion under loading is seen in Allure III® brackets, it is assumed that the load is largely transmitted to the tooth. Full thickness stainless steel rectangular wires should be avoided with these brackets, in order to prevent overloading.

Index words:

• Orthodontic brackets
• Torque
• Archwires