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Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly
The Canadian Journal of Metallurgy and Materials Science
Volume 19, 1980 - Issue 4
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Articles

High Temperature Gaseous Equilibria—Computation and Graphical Representation

Pages 363-371 | Published online: 18 Jul 2013
 

Abstract

A new technique—the constrained chemical potentials method—is presented for calculating high temperature gaseous equilibria and isillustrated on the calculation of the Gibbs triangle composition diagrams of the H-S-O and H-O-C systems taking into account the formation of all possible gaseous species. The influence of composition, temperature and total pressure on these systems is analysed. As well as showing the influence of the common thermodynamic variables upon the equilibrium, the coupling of this technique with the Gibbs triangle composition diagram is useful in resolving practical problems of pyrometallurgical importance such as: which mixture(s) of the common gases prepared at room temperature will produce a required gaseous equilibrium; which gases tend to be good or poor chemical buffers during an experiment; and which gases may pose kinetic problems in attaining equilibrium. The basic algorithm for a three or four component system can be stored in a small desk calculator since the method is dependent on the number of components and independent of the total number of species in the gas phase. The constrained chemical potentials method is general and the algorithm for calculating multicomponent equilibria is also presented.

Résumé

Une nouvelle technique—la méthode des potentiels chimiques imposés—est proposée pour le calcul des équilibres gazeux complexes à hautes températures. La méthode est appliquée au calcul de l'équilibre pour les systémes H-S-O et H-O-C en tenant compte de la formation de tous les composés gazeux. Les résultats sont présentés sous forme d'isobares inscrits dans le triangle de composition de Gibbs. L'examen d'un diagramme permet de voir: l'influence de la composition ou d'un changement de composition sur les pressions partielles (ou activites) de certains composés de la phase gazeuse; quels mélanges gazeux préparés à l'ambiante permettront d'obtenir les conditions à l'équilibre recherchées; quels types de mélanges gazeux possèdent de bonnes ou de mauvaises qualités de tamponnage chimique. Le calcul de tels diagrammes à des températures et des pressions totales différentes montre l'influence de ces variables thermodynamiques sur l'équilibre du système considéré. Un algorithme de la méthode des potentiels chimiques imposés, applicable à un système à plusieurs composants est aussi présenté.

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