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Abstract
We performed macroscopic observations of the sphenomandibular ligaments, and measured the space that is surrounded by the mandibular ramus and the ligament by using computed tomography. The materials used in this study were 40 heads of 40 adult cadavers. The cadaver head was cut on the mid sagittal plane. The medial pterygoid muscles of the cadavers were removed to observe the ligaments. The attaching style of the sphenomandibular ligament to the mandibular ramus was classified into three types: Type I (5 in 40 samples; attached only to the mandibular lingula), Type II (12 in 40 samples; attached to the mandibular lingula and extended toward the rear part of the internal surface of the mandibular ramus), and Type III (23 in 40 samples; attached to the mandibular lingula and toward the posterior border of the mandibular ramus). There was no statistical difference in the length of the ligament among the three types. However, Type III showed the largest width, and the space was approximately eight and three times as large as those of Type I and II, respectively. This indicated that the Type III ligament covered a larger area over the mandibular foramen than Type I. These results suggest that the three-dimensional morphology of the sphenomandibular ligament, as represented by Type III, may affect the effectiveness of anesthesia.
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Notes on contributors
Hideya Shiozaki
Dr. Hideya Shiozaki received his D.D.S. degree from Tokyo Dental College in 2002. He graduated from post-doctoral school in 2006. At present, he is a staff member in the Dental and Oral Surgery Section of the Tochigi National Hospital.
Shinichi Abe
Dr. Shinichi Abe received his D.D.S. degree from Tokyo Dental College in 1989. He graduated from post-doctoral school in 1993. Currently, he is an assistant professor in the Department of Anatomy at Tokyo Dental College.
Nobuaki Tsumori
Dr. Nobuaki Tsumori received his D.D.S. degree from Tokyo Dental College in 2003. Currently, he is studying anatomy under Professor Ide at Tokyo Dental College.
Kazunari Shiozaki
Dr. Kazunari Shiozaki received his D.D.S. degree from Tokyo Dental College in 1993. He graduated from post-doctoral school in 2001. Currently, he is an instructor in the Department of Oral Anatomy I at Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine.
Yuzuru Kaneko
Dr. Yuzuru Kaneko received his D.D.S. degree from Tokyo Dental College in 1964. He graudated from post-doctoral school in 1968. Currently, Dr. Kaneko is a professor in the Department of Dental Anesthesiology at Tokyo Dental College.
Tatsuya Ichinohe
Dr. Tatsuya Ichinohe received his D.D.S. degree from Tokyo Dental College in 1981. He graduated from post-doctoral school in 1985. Currently, Dr. Ichinohe is a professor in the Department of Dental Anesthesiology at Tokyo Dental College.