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Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate temporomandibular joints (TMJ) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients who had undergone surgical/orthodontic or orthodontic treatment in a three-year follow-up study. Subjects consisted of 20 patients (40 TMJ), 16 females and four males (mean age 33.7 years, range 19-53 years), with severe temporomandibular disorders (TMD) referred to the Oral and Maxillofacial Department at Oulu University Hospital due to skeletal jaw discrepancy. All patients underwent extensive surgical/orthodontic or orthodontic treatment between 1996 and 2003. Clinical stomatognathic examination and MRI examinations were performed before the surgical/orthodontic or orthodontic treatment and one year after the completion of the treatment. The average treatment time was 23 months (range 12-34 months). MRI revealed a marked decrease, especially in the number of TMJ with joint effusion after the treatment. There were only a few changes in the number of diagnosed disk dislocations before and after the treatment. In five joints with anterior disk dislocation with reduction (r-ADD), a change to anterior disk dislocation without reduction (nr-ADD) was found. In 25 of the 40 condyles, the condylar configuration was normal on MRI before the treatment and in 19 condyles one year after the treatment. TMD signs and symptoms according to the Helkimo dysfunction index showed a statistically significant decrease after the treatment.
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Notes on contributors
Jaana Rusanen
Dr. Jaana Rusanen received her D.D.S. degree from the Institute of Dentistry, University of Kuopio, Finland in 1993 and a specialization certificate in orthodontics in 2007 from the University of Oulu, Finland. Currently, she is a part-time orthodontist at Oulu University Hospital.
Pertti Pirttiniemi
Dr. Pertti Pirttiniemi received his D.D.S degree from the Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Finland in 1979 and his Ph.D. in 1992 from the University of Oulu, Finland. Since 1986, he has been a teacher at the Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu. Currently, he is a professor in the Department of Orthodontics and Oral Development, Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Finland.
Osmo Tervonen
Dr. Osmo Tervonen received his M.D. degree from the Medical Faculty, Oulu University, Finland in 1989 and his Ph.D. from the same university in 1998. He has been head of the Department of Radiology, Oulu University Hospital and professor in the Department of Radiology, Oulu University since 1999.
Aune Raustia
Dr. Aune M. Raustia received her D.D.S. degree from the Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, Finland in 1974. She has been a teacher at the Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, since 1979. She received her Ph.D. degree from the same university in 1986. Currently, she is a professor in the Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology at the Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Finland.