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Abstract
Four oxidation strategies—ultraviolet (UV), UV/peroxide, ozone, and ozone/peroxide—were evaluated for reducing organic fouling of reverse osmosis membrane systems for water reuse. As expected, UV alone (even at a high fluence of 5,500 mJ/cm2) had minimal impact on the quality of organic matter in the feedwater and little to no effect on fouling control in flat-sheet tests. UV/peroxide, ozone, and ozone/peroxide affected organic matter, minimized flux decline, and significantly improved membrane performance in flat-sheet studies using secondary and microfiltration effluent from a membrane bioreactor at two wastewater treatment plants. Ozone doses as low as 1.5 mg/L improved performance relative to control (nonoxidized) waters.