Abstract
Investigation of European Ulola bruchii Hornsch. ex Brid., U. crispa (Hedw.) Brid. and U. crispula Brid. shows that U. crispula is merely a small form of U. crispa and cannot be maintained as a distinct taxon. Intergradation between U. bruchii and U. crispa is such that U. bruchii is reduced to a variety, U. crispa var. norvegica (Grönv.) A. J. E. Smith & M. O. Hill.