An Integrated Ecosystem Approach for Sustainable Prevention and Control of Dengue in Central Havana

Abstract

The authors developed and evaluated a comprehensive participatory ecosystem health approach for preventing the transmission of dengue, the most prevalent vector-borne disease in Cuba and the Latin America–Caribbean region. The integrated surveillance system central to this initiative encompassed three main subsystems (environmental; entomological; clinical—epidemiologic), relying on extensive community involvement. The study was conducted in Central Havana, Cuba. Indicators from each subsystem were selected and mapped using a GIS procedure providing instant visualization by city block in the municipality. To elucidate the factors affecting control and prevention efforts, perceived needs and risks, as well as knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to dengue, were assessed. Specific factors associated with the presence of mosquito breeding sites and risks of dengue were examined in a case–control study.

Keywords:

• dengue
• surveillance
• ecosystem health