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ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine if therapeutic management programs that include self-monitoring of blood glucose result in greater HbA1c reduction in non-insulin-requiring type 2 diabetes patients compared to programs without blood glucose self-monitoring.
Research design and methods: Electronic databases including MEDLINE (1966–2004), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, EMBASE (1950–2004), Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD) and the Online Index Journals of the American Diabetes Association (ADA 1978–2004) were searched. Personal collections of investigators were also explored. Randomized controlled trials comparing HbA1c reduction in therapies with and without blood glucose self-monitoring among adult, non-insulin-treated type 2 diabetes patients were selected. Studies on patients who are pregnant, taking insulin, troglitazone or experimental drugs were excluded. Out of 14 potentially useful randomized controlled trials on self-monitoring of blood glucose in non-insulin treated type 2 diabetes patients, eight studies with a total of 1307 subjects were included in the analysis. Two independent reviewers assessed the quality of studies.
Main outcome measure: The effect of SMBG was assessed by means of meta-analysis of the difference in HbA1c reduction between self-monitoring and non-self-monitoring groups.
Results: Antidiabetic therapies that included blood glucose self-monitoring as part of a multi-component management strategy produced a mean additional HbA1c reduction of –0.39% (95%CI: –0.54%, –0.23%) under the fixed effects model and –0.42% (95%CI: –0.63%, –0.21%) under the random effects model, when compared to therapies that did not. Heterogeneity among studies was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Multi-component diabetes management programs with self-monitoring of blood glucose result in better glycemic control among non-insulin-using type 2 diabetes patients.