Characteristics of a capsule based dry powder inhaler for the delivery of indacaterol

Abstract

Objective:

To report performance characteristics and robustness of the Breezhaler device, a new capsule based dry powder inhaler (DPI) with low resistance (0.07 cm H₂O^½/L/min) facilitating high inspiratory flow rates. This device was developed to deliver the novel, inhaled once-daily ultra long-acting β₂-agonist indacaterol, formulated as an inhalation powder in a capsule, and other investigational drugs including NVA237 and QVA149.

Research design and methods:

Peak inspiratory flow rates via the DPI device were determined in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) using an Inhalation Profile Recorder. The flow-rate dependency of the in vitro performance (delivered dose and fine particle mass) of indacaterol in the DPI device was examined. Data on patient experience were captured throughout the indacaterol phase III registration program, and the robustness of the device was investigated after mechanical stress.

Results:

Twenty-six patients with COPD that ranged from mild to very severe were recruited (aged 49–84 years); 25 patients were able to generate flow rates in excess of 60 L/min via the DPI device. The mean delivered dose of indacaterol (150 and 300 µg) remained within 15% of the target dose, with a consistent fine particle mass at flow rates of 50–100 L/min. In the indacaterol registration program, patients with mild to very severe COPD were able to use the device successfully, with a low device complaint rate (<0.03%) and no device failures from approximately 90 000 devices. In mechanical stress tests, drop testing resulted in, at most, only cosmetic damage, with no effect on the delivered dose.

Conclusion:

The capsule based DPI device is a low resistance device, suitable for use by patients with a wide range of COPD severities, delivering a consistent dose irrespective of disease severity and age. The device provided consistent delivery of indacaterol with no reported device failures in clinical trials.

Key words:

• COPD
• Dry powder inhaler
• Indacaterol

Transparency

Declaration of funding

All studies described in the publication were funded by Novartis.

Declaration of financial/other relationships

R.P., S.M., K.F., I.R., D.S., F.S., G.P., B.W., D.Z., M.D. and J.D. have disclosed that they are employees of Novartis.

Acknowledgements

The authors were assisted in the preparation of the manuscript by Brian Jepson and Gary Cotter, ACUMED. Writing support was funded by the study sponsor.

Notes

*Breezhaler device is manufactured by Novartis in Milan, Italy.