Costs and effectiveness of the supervision, performance assessment and recognition (SPARS) strategy for medicines management in Uganda

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Acknowledgements

We thank Richard Musoke and Emmanuel Egwenyu who provided statistical analysis support. We also acknowledge the comments and editorial support provided by Martha Embrey.

Authors contributions

BK, AKW, DRD, and BT conceived of, designed, and oversaw the study. They developed the study methods, took part in the implementation, and drafted and edited the manuscript. BK, AKW, BT, MS, and DRD contributed to data analysis, interpretation, writing of the manuscript, and quality assurance. All the authors read and approved the final version.

Funding

This study was funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). USAID did not have any role in the study design, data analysis, or writing of this paper or in the decision to submit the paper for publication.

Availability of data and materials

Data analyses, and other materials can be obtained upon request from the corresponding author.

Ethics approval

This study assesses cost effectiveness of a national capacity-building strategy and reports aggregated facility medicines management data collected by medicines management supervisors in their roles as district employees and supervisors. The study did not involve or use human subjects or identifiable personal data, human tissue, or animals, and thus did not require ethical approval or a waiver. The study was implemented with the permission of and in collaboration with the Ministry of Health, and all information is kept anonymous. All authors of the manuscript have read and agreed to its content and are accountable for all aspects of the accuracy and integrity of the manuscript in accordance with ICMJE criteria.

Consent for publication

The article is original, has not been published in a journal, and is not currently under consideration by another journal. The Uganda Ministry of Health has provided consent for publication.

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no financial or none-financial competing interests. This study was funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). USAID did not have any role in the study design, data analysis, or writing of this paper or in the decision to submit the paper for publication.

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Notes

1 The USAID-funded Securing Ugandans Right to Essential Medicines program led SPARS implementation with the Ministry of Health.