Elementary Statistical Methods and Measurement Error

Stephen B. Vardeman Stephen B. Vardeman is Professor, Departments of Statistics and Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, AI 50011 . Joanne R. Wendelberger is R & D Manager, Tom Burr is Scientist, Michael S. Hamada is Scientist, and Leslie M. Moore is Scientist, Statistical Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545. J. Marcus Jobe is Professor, Farmer School of Business, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056. Max D. Morris is Professor and Huaiqing Wu is Associate Professor, Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. We thank the editor and an associate editor for their helpful comments, which led to improvements in this article. This work was supported in part by NSF grant DMS 0502347 EMSW21-RTG awarded to the Department of Statistics, Iowa State University.

Joanne R. Wendelberger Stephen B. Vardeman is Professor, Departments of Statistics and Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, AI 50011 . Joanne R. Wendelberger is R & D Manager, Tom Burr is Scientist, Michael S. Hamada is Scientist, and Leslie M. Moore is Scientist, Statistical Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545. J. Marcus Jobe is Professor, Farmer School of Business, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056. Max D. Morris is Professor and Huaiqing Wu is Associate Professor, Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. We thank the editor and an associate editor for their helpful comments, which led to improvements in this article. This work was supported in part by NSF grant DMS 0502347 EMSW21-RTG awarded to the Department of Statistics, Iowa State University.

Tom Burr Stephen B. Vardeman is Professor, Departments of Statistics and Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, AI 50011 . Joanne R. Wendelberger is R & D Manager, Tom Burr is Scientist, Michael S. Hamada is Scientist, and Leslie M. Moore is Scientist, Statistical Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545. J. Marcus Jobe is Professor, Farmer School of Business, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056. Max D. Morris is Professor and Huaiqing Wu is Associate Professor, Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. We thank the editor and an associate editor for their helpful comments, which led to improvements in this article. This work was supported in part by NSF grant DMS 0502347 EMSW21-RTG awarded to the Department of Statistics, Iowa State University.

Michael S. Hamada Stephen B. Vardeman is Professor, Departments of Statistics and Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, AI 50011 . Joanne R. Wendelberger is R & D Manager, Tom Burr is Scientist, Michael S. Hamada is Scientist, and Leslie M. Moore is Scientist, Statistical Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545. J. Marcus Jobe is Professor, Farmer School of Business, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056. Max D. Morris is Professor and Huaiqing Wu is Associate Professor, Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. We thank the editor and an associate editor for their helpful comments, which led to improvements in this article. This work was supported in part by NSF grant DMS 0502347 EMSW21-RTG awarded to the Department of Statistics, Iowa State University.

Leslie M. Moore Stephen B. Vardeman is Professor, Departments of Statistics and Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, AI 50011 . Joanne R. Wendelberger is R & D Manager, Tom Burr is Scientist, Michael S. Hamada is Scientist, and Leslie M. Moore is Scientist, Statistical Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545. J. Marcus Jobe is Professor, Farmer School of Business, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056. Max D. Morris is Professor and Huaiqing Wu is Associate Professor, Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. We thank the editor and an associate editor for their helpful comments, which led to improvements in this article. This work was supported in part by NSF grant DMS 0502347 EMSW21-RTG awarded to the Department of Statistics, Iowa State University.

J. Marcus Jobe Stephen B. Vardeman is Professor, Departments of Statistics and Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, AI 50011 . Joanne R. Wendelberger is R & D Manager, Tom Burr is Scientist, Michael S. Hamada is Scientist, and Leslie M. Moore is Scientist, Statistical Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545. J. Marcus Jobe is Professor, Farmer School of Business, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056. Max D. Morris is Professor and Huaiqing Wu is Associate Professor, Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. We thank the editor and an associate editor for their helpful comments, which led to improvements in this article. This work was supported in part by NSF grant DMS 0502347 EMSW21-RTG awarded to the Department of Statistics, Iowa State University.

Max D. Morris Stephen B. Vardeman is Professor, Departments of Statistics and Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, AI 50011 . Joanne R. Wendelberger is R & D Manager, Tom Burr is Scientist, Michael S. Hamada is Scientist, and Leslie M. Moore is Scientist, Statistical Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545. J. Marcus Jobe is Professor, Farmer School of Business, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056. Max D. Morris is Professor and Huaiqing Wu is Associate Professor, Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. We thank the editor and an associate editor for their helpful comments, which led to improvements in this article. This work was supported in part by NSF grant DMS 0502347 EMSW21-RTG awarded to the Department of Statistics, Iowa State University.

Huaiqing Wu Stephen B. Vardeman is Professor, Departments of Statistics and Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, AI 50011 . Joanne R. Wendelberger is R & D Manager, Tom Burr is Scientist, Michael S. Hamada is Scientist, and Leslie M. Moore is Scientist, Statistical Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545. J. Marcus Jobe is Professor, Farmer School of Business, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056. Max D. Morris is Professor and Huaiqing Wu is Associate Professor, Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. We thank the editor and an associate editor for their helpful comments, which led to improvements in this article. This work was supported in part by NSF grant DMS 0502347 EMSW21-RTG awarded to the Department of Statistics, Iowa State University.

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Abstract

How the sources of physical variation interact with a data collection plan determines what can be learned from the resulting dataset, and in particular, how measurement error is reflected in the dataset. The implications of this fact are rarely given much attention in most statistics courses. Even the most elementary statistical methods have their practical effectiveness limited by measurement variation; and understanding how measurement variation interacts with data collection and the methods is helpful in quantifying the nature of measurement error. We illustrate how simple one- and two-sample statistical methods can be effectively used in introducing important concepts of metrology and the implications of those concepts when drawing conclusions from data.

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Elementary Statistical Methods and Measurement Error

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