Abstract
In response to Elise Boulding's question whether there is a new chance for human peaceableness, this commentary starts by spelling out the four major problems left from the last century: poverty, violence, ecological destruction, and discrimination, especially against women, children, ethnic and minority groups, and the elderly. Then, against a brief historical background and following a description of a disillusioning experience at the Second Hague Conference in 1999, it charts a possible way to a culture of peace.