The Homeless: Social Isolates

Abstract

Within the last 10 years, homelessness has emerged as one of the leading social problems in the United States. This article contains the findings of a descriptive study of the characteristics and health status of a homeless population in a southeastern city. The homeless population is of interest to nurses because it is representative of a specific disadvantaged group, seriously at risk for a myriad of physical and mental problems. The theoretical model, Social Disaffiliation, can serve as a basis for intervention with a variety of underserved or unserved population groups and the data presented provide opportunities for designing nursing intervention strategies. The study was conceived as a way to gather empirical evidence about the specific health-care needs of the community's homeless, to generate a data base on which to estimate that need, and to use the findings to support the establishment of an innovative practice model, a nurse-managed clinic. The literature suggests that on-site clinics, located in emergency shelters, are effective approaches to providing acceptable and accessible health care to the homeless. Nurses are well prepared to be a key part of the solution to one of the most serious problems facing health care in the U.S. today.