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ABSTRACT
The United States' efforts in the “War on Drugs” are not new. Numerous strategies have been utilized from moral indictment to criminalization to medicalization. Lexington, Kentucky played a paramount historical role in this nation's earliest battle against drugs and its related devastating effects. This paper traces the influence of early civilizations and Europe on the drug experience of America. It discusses the many years of activities of Lexington as the first Narcotics Farm and the first U.S. Health Department Drug Treatment Hospital in the nation. The hospital's mandated roles of addiction treatment, rehabilitation, and research are discussed. Its significant contributions to narcotics knowledge and present status are highlighted.